Реферат: Sexism In Sports Essay Research Paper SEXISM
Название: Sexism In Sports Essay Research Paper SEXISM Раздел: Топики по английскому языку Тип: реферат |
Sexism In Sports Essay, Research Paper SEXISM IN SPORTS What are the facts, opinions, and resources about sexism in sports that address age-old questions about gender issues in organized sports? Some people talk about, debate and occasionally fight about sexism in sports with questions like: who is better, men or women, or if a women should play on a men?s team? These discussions usually can not be settled, in that they are just matters of opinion. In this paper we will tell just the facts, opinions of the public, and quote from other reliable resources by which we will try to put to rest the age old questions that have plagued athletes since the begging of organized sports. We polled many people and the answers sometimes were surpassing. Not to be sexist myself but, without reading the ?What sex are you? question, you could easily tell which question responses were from men and which ones were from women, men had more sexist opinions, that and the fact women have much neater handwriting. Nine out of every ten people polled said that they all played at least one sport, and at least half of the people that played a sport, played more than one. Although most people could not give an answer as to why a sport was the best to play, other then the answer because it is cool. With those type of questions we did not get any differing answer form either sex but the second you ask who is better, you can usually tell, there were some exceptions though that thought the other sex was better but that was rare. When asked if men are better, most men said yes, but women said no, but almost all women did say they are equal. The most interesting question was: Do men behave different then women, Ninety nine present of the people said yes. When asked why, most men replied that ?they are tougher more focused then women? and some said that ?they have better, or worse, attitudes depending on your view, in that men start to hate their opponents?, and get a ?chip on their shoulder?. When women answer that same question, most say ?men have bigger egos, or talk highly about themselves?. In reply to that answer men said it is good to have an ego, as long as you can back it up?,(even though there are those who just talk big). They also said ?you have to have an ego to have an edge over your opponents,? although this edge can be taken to far though, when it gets you in trouble. To men egos are good but to women having an ego is a bad thing, we won?t even get into that argument, that is another two page report. Even still if asked either sex should women play on the same team as the men, most said that, if she was good enough she should be able to…?if she was good enough?…What is that? As if there was a common opinion that men are usually better, that counterdicts all the opinions we just got. I guess when people answer the question they don?t even realize they are making a sexist comment unconsciously, like it was almost taught to us early. That is why there are so many different opinions about the subject, that in turn, cause all of those arguments. It is unmistakable that men do behave different, but is that a good thing, that?s the very question that gets at all of the arguments. That question will never be solved, but at least you know your answer. This controversy is not just a current event sexism in sports dates back to B.C.?s. Even in 776 B.C., ancient Greeks banned women as competitors and spectators from the Olympic games. Any married woman found near the stadium were hurled from a cliff. August 1890, W.S. Franklin announced the formation of a women?s professional baseball league. He required that be under 21 years of age, good-looking, and have a great figure. A step forward but still not enough for the women. 1900 Olympic fieldin Paris was composed of 1308 men and 11 women. Another step up from ancient Greeks but still not enough. Before 1916 women were not allowed to attend boxing matches because they were to violent for the ladies. In the 1920 Olympics, American figure skater, Theresa Weld was cautioned by the judges for making jumps that were not lady-like. Even before that it was unlady-like to even jump. In early bobsled races, two of the riders must be women but they could not drive nor work the bakes. In the 1928 Olympic 800-yard run, several women collapsed, inciting IOC president Compete de Baillet-Latour to try and rid the games of all women?s track competition. In 1936, Avery Brundige, while president of the US Olympic Committee, said, I am fed up to the ears with women as track and field competitors…her charms sink to something less than zero. As swimmers and divers girls are [as] beautiful and adroit as they are ineffective and unpleasing on the track.? In 1952 he became the president of the international Olympic committee. Women?s events of no longer than 200 meters were eliminated until 1960 when the 800-meter was reinstated. Women were not allowed at center court for the Italian championship tennis finals until the late 1960?s. In 1972 the 1500m was added. The women?s AAA in Britain did not allow women to compete in long-distance road races until 1975.The International Olympic committee refused to add the 3000m run for the 1980 Olympics in Moscow, because the event was deemed ? a little too strenuous for women? in1984 the 3000m and the marathon were added. 1997 a women?s professional basketball league was made, the WNBA (Women?s National Basketball Association) As you can see by this history it has been a long and slow battle for women in sports. When we put this into a timeline form you can truly see how it has progressed through the years. Athletes are Athletes… A recently published article by Clay Kallam that has won many awards, this best sums our report up. The Article in it entirety is in the following web site http://www.fullcourt.com/highschool/column52096.html (For purposes of this report we only wrote up the relevant issues.) Athletes are athletes By Clay Kallam Publisher It happens twice a week during basketball season. At one gym, the boys team runs out on the floor, the cheerleaders pumping their pom-pons as the fans cheer each starter. At another gym across town, the girls team faces another funereal atmosphere, with only parents, boyfriends and the occasional stray prepwriter dotting the stands on one side of the floor. In a few enlightened leagues, it’s not this way. The girls and boys both play on the same site on the same night, before the same fans – and no one gets shortchanged. The natural question is obvious: Why doesn’t it work this way everywhere? The answer is sadly indicative of the subcurrent of sexism that still haunts American athletics: The boys coaches won’t stand for it. In a recent meeting of a new league in California where the idea of playing the girls and boys varsity games back-to-back (with the girls game first, to be sure), one boys coach said “The girls games are terrible. I can barely stand to watch.” Others said they couldn’t watch their freshmen play if the girls played at the same site, as if the boys varsity coach takes his spot in the stands at 4:30 for the 7:30 tip-off and misses not a moment of a game that includes maybe four future varsity members, none of whom remotely resemble the players they will be when the varsity coach finally gets them. He might see a half of the JV game before taking his team into the locker room to go over the scouting report and get ready for the main event, but to hear the coaches talk, they need every second of observation of boys they see every day in practice and all summer long. Let’s be serious. The boys coaches don’t want the girls there for two reasons: 1) It rocks their masculine world; and 2) The girls team might actually be better in some years and the boys coach would have to swallow his not-insignificant ego. But we all know girls can play the game (you wouldn’t be reading this if you didn’t believe that), though I will concede that a bad girls high school game is worse than a bad boys high school game. On the other hand, there are schools where the girls team is not only more successful, but draws better than the boys team – and puts on a much better display of fundamental basketball. When that happens, the boys coach must not only deal with a mediocre team, he must also answer too many ego-busting questions about when he’s going to get it together like the girls. (And this doesn’t even include the boys themselves, who also must swallow large amounts of testosterone when they’re 5-20 and the girls are playing for the state title.) Truthfully, there is not one good reason why the boys and girls shouldn’t play at the same site on the same night. One of the primary justifications for high school sports is that it improves school spirit, which translates into a more upbeat campus and happier students. If that’s the case, then putting the boys and girls together can only amplify the positive effects of athletics because it gets more people involved in the process. Typically, if the girls game is at 6 p.m. and the boys follow at 7:30, fans will start to trickle in about halftime of the girls game. If it’s a close game, or the girls have a good team, the fans will get involved. If they don’t, nothing is lost – in fact, the boosters might even sell a few more hotdogs. Over time, more and more students and parents will make an effort to see the girls game, because they will begin to know the players and enjoy the different style of play. In some cases, if the girls team is outstanding and the boys team weak, fans will leave at halftime of the boys game – but the best situation is when both teams are good. Then, the gym is rocking and rolling all night long, and everybody, from players to students to parents, is pumped up, excited and happy. That last scenario is also the most negative for split sites. What do the students and fans do when both teams are good, both are playing critical games and they play at the same time in different places? If the girls are playing for the league title and the boys are playing for third place, where do the cheerleaders go? If it’s the classic archrivalry in one of those years when all four teams are good, which game gets shortchanged? Usually, it will be the girls, but not always. Girls games in the San Francisco Bay Area can draw 1,200 people on their own, and as time goes on, it’s more and more likely that fans will choose to see the females rather than the males (though the opposite will still be the norm) – and what will the boys coaches say then? 328 |